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Alginate

Claims for AQUACEL® Ag Dressing

Antimicrobial
Claim Reference(s)

Ionic silver starts killing a broad spectrum of pathogens within 30 minutes of exposure to the dressing as demonstrated by in vitro testing, including MRSA and VRE.

[Note: The list of pathogens listed in Table 1 of the Jones (2004) reference (right) may be reproduced (with permission) for this claim. For convenience, Table 1 of this reference appears in this document at the end of the Antimicrobial Claims section.]

Jones SA, Bowler PG, Walker M, Parsons D. Controlling wound bioburden with a novel silver-containing Hydrofiber® dressing. Wound Repair Regen. 2004 May-Jun;12(3):288-94.


AQUACEL® Ag dressing is microbicidal against a broad spectrum of common wound pathogens (aerobic and anaerobic, including yeast), as demonstrated by in vitro testing.

[Note: The list of pathogens listed in Table 1 of the Jones (2004) reference (right) may be reproduced (with permission) for this claim. For convenience, Table 1 of this reference appears in this document at the end of the Antimicrobial Claims section.]


Jones SA, Bowler PG, Walker M, Parsons D. Controlling wound bioburden with a novel silver-containing Hydrofiber dressing. Wound Repair Regen. 2004 May-Jun;12(3):288-94.


AQUACEL® Ag dressing has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity in vitro.


[Note: The list of pathogens listed in Table 1 of the Jones (2004) reference (right) may be reproduced (with permission) for this claim. For convenience, Table 1 of this reference appears in this document at the end of the Antimicrobial Claims section.]


Jones SA, Bowler PG, Walker M, Parsons D. Controlling wound bioburden with a novel silver-containing Hydrofiber dressing. Wound Repair Regen. 2004 May-Jun;12(3):288-94.



AQUACEL® Ag dressing in vitro provides antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens, including MRSA and VRE.

[Note: The list of pathogens listed in Table 1 of the Jones (2004) reference (right) may be reproduced (with permission) for this claim. For convenience, Table 1 of this reference appears in this document at the end of the Antimicrobial Claims section.]


Jones SA, Bowler PG, Walker M, Parsons D. Controlling wound bioburden with a novel silver-containing Hydrofiber dressing. Wound Repair Regen. 2004 May-Jun;12(3):288-94.


In vitro studies with AQUACEL® Ag dressing have demonstrated microbicidal activity against a wide range of pathogens up to a period of 14 days.*

*See package insert for instructions for use.


Bowler PG, Jones SA, Walker M, Parsons D. Microbicidal properties of a silver-containing hydrofiber dressing against a variety of burn wound pathogens. J Burn Care Rehabil. 2004 Mar-Apr;25(2):192-6.


AQUACEL® Ag dressing maintained antimicrobial activity even after reinoculation of microorganisms in laboratory studies.

Bowler PG, Jones SA, Walker M, Parsons D. Microbicidal properties of a silver-containing hydrofiber dressing against a variety of burn wound pathogens. J Burn Care Rehabil. 2004 Mar-Apr;25(2):192-6.


In in vitro studies with simulated wound fluid, AQUACEL® Ag demonstrated rapid antimicrobial activity within 48 hours and sustained activity up to 14 days.*

*See package insert for instructions for use.


Bowler PG, Jones SA, Walker M, Parsons D. Microbicidal properties of a silver-containing hydrofiber dressing against a variety of burn wound pathogens. J Burn Care Rehabil. 2004 Mar-Apr;25(2):192-6.


The silver in the dressing:
  • kills wound bacteria held in the dressing
  • reduces the number of bacteria where the dressing conforms to the wound
  • aids in creating an antimicrobial environment

 

AQUACEL® Ag with Hydrofiber® Silver Impregnated Antimicrobial Dressing [US package insert ConvaTec 1137335A2]. Princeton, NJ: ER Squibb & Sons LLC; 2003.


The silver in the dressing kills wound bacteria held in the dressing.

AQUACEL® Ag with Hydrofiber® Silver Impregnated Antimicrobial Dressing [US package insert ConvaTec 1137335A2]. Princeton, NJ: ER Squibb & Sons LLC; 2003.


The silver in the dressing reduces the number of bacteria where the dressing conforms to the wound.

AQUACEL® Ag with Hydrofiber® Silver Impregnated Antimicrobial Dressing [US package insert ConvaTec 1137335A2]. Princeton, NJ: ER Squibb & Sons LLC; 2003.


The silver in the dressing aids in creating an antimicrobial environment.

AQUACEL® Ag with Hydrofiber® Silver Impregnated Antimicrobial Dressing [US package insert ConvaTec 1137335A2]. Princeton, NJ: ER Squibb & Sons LLC; 2003.


In in vitro studies, ionic silver in the dressing has been shown to kill a broad spectrum of wound pathogens, which can cause infection.

Jones SA, Bowler PG, Walker M, Parsons D. Controlling wound bioburden with a novel silver-containing Hydrofiber dressing. Wound Repair Regen. 2004 May-Jun;12(3):288-94.

Bowler PG, Jones SA, Walker M, Parsons D. Microbicidal properties of a silver-containing hydrofiber dressing against a variety of burn wound pathogens. J Burn Care Rehabil. 2004 Mar-Apr;25(2):192-6



In vitro data show that AQUACEL® Ag dressing kills potentially pathogenic bacteria within the dressing.

Newman GR, Walker M, Hobot JA, Bowler PG. Visualisation of bacterial sequestration and bactericidal activity within hydrating Hydrofiber wound dressings. Biomaterials. 2006 Mar;27(7):1129-39. Epub 2005 Aug 24.


Silver is bactericidal only in its ionic state.

Demling RH, De Santi L. Effects of silver on wound management. WOUNDS. 2001;13 (suppl A):4-15.

Simonetti N, Simonetti G, Bougnol F, Scalzo M. Electrochemical Ag+ for preservative use. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1992 Dec;58(12):3834-6.



Gauze can release bacteria into the air during dressing removal.

Lawrence JC, Lilly HA, Kidson A. Wound dressings and airborne dispersal of bacteria. Lancet. 1992 Mar 28;339(8796):807.


Table 1:
Aerobic and anaerobic isolates included in this study


Aerobic Bacteria:

Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 8532)
Staphylococcus aureus (clinical isolate)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (clinical isolate, x2 strains)
Enterobacter cloacae (clinical isolate)
Streptococcus pyogenes (clinical isolate)
Klebsiella pneumoniae (clinical isolate, x3 strains)
Enterococcus faecalis (clinical isolate)
Escherichia coli (NCIMB 8545)
Escherichia coli (NCIMB 10544)
Acinetobacter baumannii (NCIMB 9214)


Yeasts:

Candida albicans (NCPF 3179)
Candida albicans (NCPF 3265)
Candida krusei (NCPF 3876)


Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria:

MRSA (NCTC 10442)
MRSA (NCTC 12232)
MRSA (clinical isolate, x8 strains)
VRE (NCTC 12201)
VRE (clinical isolate, x2 strains)
Serratia marcescens (clinical isolate)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NCTC 8506)


Anaerobic Bacteria:

Bacteroides fragilis (clinical isolate)
Bacteroides fragilis (NCTC 9343)
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (clinical isolate)
Clostridium ramosum (clinical isolate)
Clostridium clostridioforme (clinical isolate)
Clostridium cadaveris (clinical isolate)
Clostridium perfringens (clinical isolate)
Tissierella praeacuta (clinical isolate)
_________________________________________________
NCIMB=The National Collection of Industrial, Food and Marine Bacteria.
NCPF=The National Collection of Pathogenic Fungi.
NCTC=The National Collection of Type Cultures.


Jones SA, Bowler PG, Walker M, Parsons D. Controlling wound bioburden with a novel silver-containing Hydrofiber dressing. Wound Repair Regen. 2004 May-Jun;12(3):288-94.

Conformability


In in vitro studies using uneven agar plates and simulated wound conditions, AQUACEL® Ag dressing conformed well under both test conditions.

Parsons D, Bowler PG, Myles V, Jones S. Silver antimicrobial dressings in wound management: A comparison of antibacterial, physical, and chemical characteristics. WOUNDS. 2005;17(8):222-232.

Wicking and Absorption


By virtue of its gel blocking properties, the dressing absorbs exudate, containing bacteria, and retains it within its fibers.

Bowler PG, Jones SA, Davies BJ, Coyle E. Infection control properties of some wound dressings. J Wound Care. 1999 Nov;8(10):499-502.

Walker M, Hobot JA, Newman GR, Bowler PG. Scanning electron microscopic examination of bacterial immobilisation in a carboxymethyl cellulose (AQUACEL®) and alginate dressings. Biomaterials. 2003;24:883-890.


Healing and Wear Time


AQUACEL® Ag dressing absorbs wound fluid and bacteria and creates a soft, cohesive gel, which maintains a moist wound environment that promotes autolytic debridement and supports the body’s healing process.

AQUACEL® Ag with Hydrofiber® Silver Impregnated Antimicrobial Dressing [US package insert ConvaTec 1137335A2]. Princeton, NJ: ER Squibb & Sons LLC; 2003.

AQUACEL® Ag Hydrofiber® Wound Dressing [CE Mark package insert ConvaTec 1137338]. Deeside, UK: ConvaTec Limited; 2002.



AQUACEL® Ag dressing absorbs wound fluid and creates a soft gel, which maintains a moist wound environment that aids autolytic debridement.


AQUACEL® Ag with Hydrofiber® Silver Impregnated Antimicrobial Dressing [US package insert ConvaTec 1137335A2]. Princeton, NJ: ER Squibb & Sons LLC; 2003.

AQUACEL® Ag Hydrofiber® Wound Dressing [CE Mark package insert ConvaTec 1137338]. Deeside, UK: ConvaTec Limited; 2002.



AQUACEL® Ag dressing absorbs wound fluid and creates a soft gel, which maintains a moist wound environment that supports the body’s healing process.


AQUACEL® Ag with Hydrofiber® Silver Impregnated Antimicrobial Dressing [US package insert ConvaTec 1137335A2]. Princeton, NJ: ER Squibb & Sons LLC; 2003.

AQUACEL® Ag Hydrofiber® Wound Dressing [CE Mark package insert ConvaTec 1137338]. Deeside, UK: ConvaTec Limited; 2002.


Pain


In 15 evaluable patients with chronic leg ulcers managed with AQUACEL® Ag dressing, pain scores from baseline to final evaluation were significantly reduced for both dressing in place and during removal (P=.05).

Vanscheidt W, Lazareth I, Routkovsky-Norval C. Safety evaluation of a new ionic silver dressing in the management of chronic ulcers. Wounds. 2003;15(11):371-378.


In a partial-thickness burn study, use of AQUACEL® Ag dressing showed a reduction in analgesic use compared to silver sulfadiazine.

Caruso DM, Foster KN, Blome-Eberwein SA, Twomey JA, Herndon DN, Luterman A, Silverstein P, Antimarino JR, Bauer GJ. Randomized clinical study of Hydrofiber dressing with silver or silver sulfadiazine in the management of partial-thickness burns. J Burn Care Res. 2006 May-Jun;27(3):298-309.


In a partial-thickness burn study, patients over the age of 4 years reported significantly less pain overall during changes (P=.039) of AQUACEL® Ag dressing compared to silver sulfadiazine.

Caruso DM, Foster KN, Blome-Eberwein SA, Twomey JA, Herndon DN, Luterman A, Silverstein P, Antimarino JR, Bauer GJ. Randomized clinical study of Hydrofiber dressing with silver or silver sulfadiazine in the management of partial-thickness burns. J Burn Care Res. 2006 May-Jun;27(3):298-309.


The use of AQUACEL® Ag dressing was associated with significantly less pain (P=.009) and anxiety (P=.002) compared to silver sulfadiazine during dressing changes in a partial-thickness burn study.

Caruso DM, Foster KN, Blome-Eberwein SA, Twomey JA, Herndon DN, Luterman A, Silverstein P, Antimarino JR, Bauer GJ. Randomized clinical study of Hydrofiber dressing with silver or silver sulfadiazine in the management of partial-thickness burns. J Burn Care Res. 2006 May-Jun;27(3):298-309.


Patients over the age of 4 years reported significantly less burning or stinging overall during wear (P=.022) with AQUACEL® Ag dressing compared to silver sulfadiazine in a partial-thickness burn study.

Caruso DM, Foster KN, Blome-Eberwein SA, Twomey JA, Herndon DN, Luterman A, Silverstein P, Antimarino JR, Bauer GJ. Randomized clinical study of Hydrofiber dressing with silver or silver sulfadiazine in the management of partial-thickness burns. J Burn Care Res. 2006 May-Jun;27(3):298-309.

Cost


AQUACEL® Ag dressing resulted in a 28% reduction in the cost per partial hickness burn healed compared to silver sulfadiazine.

Caruso DM, Foster KN, Blome-Eberwein SA, Twomey JA, Herndon DN, Luterman A, Silverstein P, Antimarino JR, Bauer GJ. Randomized clinical study of Hydrofiber dressing with silver or silver sulfadiazine in the management of partial-thickness burns. J Burn Care Res. 2006 May-Jun;27(3):298-309.
   
   
Claims for AQUACEL® Ag Dressing
Bacterial Sequestration
Claim Reference(s)
AQUACEL® dressing showed retention of 70% of pathogens tested (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) in vitro. Bowler PG, Jones SA, Davies BJ, Coyle E. Infection control properties of some wound dressings. J Wound Care. 1999 Nov;8(10):499-502.


AQUACEL® dressing absorbs and retains exudate and harmful components, such as bacteria contained within exudate, directly into its fibers.

Walker M, Hobot JA, Newman GR, Bowler PG. Scanning electron microscopic examination of bacterial immobilisation in a carboxymethyl cellulose (AQUACEL®) and alginate dressings. Biomaterials. 2003;24:883-890.


In an animal model, AQUACEL® dressing showed better retention of microorganisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) than alginate dressings.

Tachi M, Hirabayashi S, Yonehara Y, Suzuki Y, Bowler P. Comparison of bacteria-retaining ability of absorbent wound dressings. Int Wound J. 2004 Sep;1(3):177-81.


Scanning electron microscopy shows AQUACEL® dressing fibers trap bacteria, which may minimize release of bacteria into the air on removal.

Walker M, Hobot JA, Newman GR, Bowler PG. Scanning electron microscopic examination of bacterial immobilisation in a carboxymethyl cellulose (AQUACEL®) and alginate dressings. Biomaterials. 2003;24:883-890.


Gauze can release bacteria into the air during removal.

Lawrence JC, Lilly HA, Kidson A. Wound dressings and airborne dispersal of bacteria. Lancet. 1992 Mar 28;339(8796):807.

Wicking and Absorption


Vertical wicking locks exudate in the AQUACEL® dressing, which may reduce the risk of maceration of peri-wound skin.

Waring MJ, Parsons D. Physico-chemical characterisation of carboxymethylated spun cellulose fibres. Biomaterials. 2001 May;22(9):903-12.


In vitro studies demonstrated that AQUACEL® dressing had:

  • controlled vertical absorption of fluid
  • trapped exudate and the bacteria it contains
 

Walker M, Hobot JA, Newman GR, Bowler PG. Scanning electron microscopic examination of bacterial immobilisation in a carboxymethyl cellulose (AQUACEL®) and alginate dressings. Biomaterials. 2003;24:883-890.


AQUACEL® dressing offers the unique gelling action of Hydrofiber® technology that absorbs and locks in exudate and bacteria.

Walker M, Hobot JA, Newman GR, Bowler PG. Scanning electron microscopic examination of bacterial immobilisation in a carboxymethyl cellulose (AQUACEL®) and alginate dressings. Biomaterials. 2003;24:883-890.


By virtue of its gel blocking properties, AQUACEL® dressing absorbs exudate, containing bacteria, and retains it within its fibers.

Bowler PG, Jones SA, Davies BJ, Coyle E. Infection control properties of some wound dressings. J Wound Care. 1999 Nov;8(10):499-502.

Walker M, Hobot JA, Newman GR, Bowler PG. Scanning electron microscopic examination of bacterial immobilisation in a carboxymethyl cellulose (AQUACEL®) and alginate dressings. Biomaterials. 2003;24:883-890.



In a partial thickness wound rat model, AQUACEL® dressing rapidly absorbed and retained harmful components contained within exudate.

Hoekstra MJ, Hermans MH, Richters CD, Dutrieux RP. A histological comparison of acute inflammatory responses with a hydrofibre or tulle gauze dressing. J Wound Care. 2002 Mar;11(3):113-7.

Wound Contact and Removal


In an animal study, AQUACEL® dressing, in its gelled state, conforms to the wound surface, thereby reducing dead space.

Hoekstra MJ, Hermans MH, Richters CD, Dutrieux RP. A histological comparison of acute inflammatory responses with a hydrofibre or tulle gauze dressing. J Wound Care. 2002 Mar;11(3):113-7.



AQUACEL® dressing

  • is easily removed
  • leaves behind less residue than Sorbsan®* alginate dressing

* Registered trademark of Bertek Pharmaceuticals Inc.


Harding KG, Price P, Robinson B, Thomas S, Hofman D. Cost and dressing evaluation of hydrofiber and alginate dressings in the management of community-based patients with chronic leg ulceration. Wounds. 2001;13(6):229-236.


AQUACEL® dressing in its gelled state allows non-traumatic removal.

[Claim based on gelling properties of the dressing]


AQUACEL® dressing in its gelled state does not damage tender, granulating wound tissue or healthy tissue surrounding exudating wounds during dressing changes.

[Claim based on gelling properties of the dressing]

Healing and Wear Time


AQUACEL® dressing absorbs wound fluid and creates a soft gel, which maintains a moist wound environment that aids autolytic debridement and supports the body’s healing process.

AQUACEL® Hydrofiber® Wound Dressing [US package insert ConvaTec 1109469A3]. Princeton, NJ: ER Squibb & Sons LLC; 2004.

AQUACEL® Hydrofiber® Wound Dressing [CE Mark package insert ConvaTec PE141D]. Deeside, UK: ConvaTec Limited; 1997.



AQUACEL® dressing absorbs wound fluid and creates a soft gel, which maintains a moist wound environment that aids autolytic debridement.


AQUACEL® Hydrofiber® Wound Dressing [US package insert ConvaTec 1109469A3]. Princeton, NJ: ER Squibb & Sons LLC; 2004.

AQUACEL® Hydrofiber® Wound Dressing [CE Mark package insert ConvaTec PE141D]. Deeside, UK: ConvaTec Limited; 1997.



AQUACEL® dressing absorbs wound fluid and creates a soft gel, which maintains a moist wound environment that supports the body’s healing process.


AQUACEL® Hydrofiber® Wound Dressing [US package insert ConvaTec 1109469A3]. Princeton, NJ: ER Squibb & Sons LLC; 2004.

AQUACEL® Hydrofiber® Wound Dressing [CE Mark package insert ConvaTec PE141D]. Deeside, UK: ConvaTec Limited; 1997.


Pain


In a study of 10 patients with pilonidal cysts, no pain was reported during changes of AQUACEL® dressing.

Andersson L, Mikkola S, Ewerth S, Akerlund J-E. A new wound dressing method after surgery on pilonidal cysts. In: AQUACEL®: New Dimensions in the treatment of post-surgical wounds. Proceedings of a satellite symposium at the 10th Conference of the European Wound Management Association, Stockholm, Sweden, 18-20 May 2000. Holsworthy, UK: Medical Communications; 2001:25-28.



In a study of surgical wounds in 100 patients, mild or no pain was reported by 92% of the patients in the AQUACEL® dressing group and 80% of patients in the alginate group.

Foster L, Moore P, Clark S. A comparison of hydrofibre and alginate dressings on open acute surgical wounds. J Wound Care. 2000 Oct;9(9):442-5.


In a study comparing AQUACEL® dressing to paraffin gauze in the management of donor sites, the AQUACEL® dressing sites were significantly less painful (P<.0001).

Barnea Y, Amir A, Leshem D, et al. Clinical comparative study of Aquacel and paraffin gauze dressing for split-skin donor site treatment. Ann Plast Surg. 2004 Aug;53(2):132-6.

Scarring


Using a modified Vancouver scar scale, independent observers rated scarring of donor sites as significantly better (P=.003) with AQUACEL® dressing compared to paraffin gauze.

Barnea Y, Amir A, Leshem D, et al. Clinical comparative study of Aquacel and paraffin gauze dressing for split-skin donor site treatment. Ann Plast Surg. 2004 Aug;53(2):132-6.


Independent observers using a modified Vancouver scale, rated scarring of donor sites as significantly lower with AQUACEL® dressing than with paraffin gauze at 30, 60 and 90 days and at 1 year (P=.021, .012, .09, and .0091, respectively).

Barnea Y, Amir A, Leshem D, et al. Clinical comparative study of Aquacel and paraffin gauze dressing for split-skin donor site treatment. Ann Plast Surg. 2004 Aug;53(2):132-6.

Cost


In a clinical study of 40 patients, the average cost of each episode in acute surgical wounds left to heal by secondary intention was less with AQUACEL® dressing than ribbon gauze soaked in proflavine.

Moore PJ, Foster L. Cost benefits of two dressings in the management of surgical wounds.Br J Nurs. 2000 Sep 28-Oct 11;9(17):1128-32.



AQUACEL® dressing, in a 40-patient study, demonstrated nearly 50% reduction in nursing time for dressing changes compared to gauze in the management of surgical wounds healing by secondary intention.

Moore PJ, Foster L. Cost benefits of two dressings in the management of surgical wounds.Br J Nurs. 2000 Sep 28-Oct 11;9(17):1128-32.


AQUACEL® dressing was less costly than gauze dressing in the management of open wounds.


Moore PJ, Foster L. Cost benefits of two dressings in the management of surgical wounds.Br J Nurs. 2000 Sep 28-Oct 11;9(17):1128-32.

Hensley BJ. Dealing with a nursing shortage? Aquacel® Hydrofiber® dressing can help [ConvaTec W031-983]. Poster presented at: The Association for the Advancement of Wound Care 15th Annual Symposium on Advanced Wound Care & 12th Annual Medical Research Forum on Wound Repair; April 27-30, 2002; Baltimore, Md.



AQUACEL® dressing reduces nursing time when compared to gauze dressings in the management of open wounds.


Hensley BJ. Dealing with a nursing shortage? Aquacel® Hydrofiber® dressing can help [ConvaTec W031-983]. Poster presented at: The Association for the Advancement of Wound Care 15th Annual Symposium on Advanced Wound Care & 12th Annual Medical Research Forum on Wound Repair; April 27-30, 2002; Baltimore, Md.

Moore PJ, Foster L. Cost benefits of two dressings in the management of surgical wounds.Br J Nurs. 2000 Sep 28-Oct 11;9(17):1128-32.


Evaluation of a new composite dressing for the management of chronic leg ulcer wounds.
J Wound Care. 2002 Sep;11(8):290-4.
PMID: 12360762 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Foster L, Smith E, Moore P, Turton P.

The use of a hydrofibre dressing in fulminating necrotizing fasciitis.
Br J Nurs. 2001 Jun 28-Jul 11;10(11 Suppl):S36-8, S41-2.
PMID: 12146180 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Hoekstra MJ, Hermans MH, Richters CD, Dutrieux RP.

A histological comparison of acute inflammatory responses with a hydrofibre or tulle gauze dressing.
J Wound Care. 2002 Mar;11(3):113-7.
PMID: 11933728 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Foster L, Moore P, Clark S.

A comparison of hydrofibre and alginate dressings on open acute surgical wounds.
J Wound Care. 2000 Oct;9(9):442-5.
PMID: 11933488 [PubMed - in process]

Russell L, Carr J.

New hydrofibre and hydrocolloid dressings for chronic wounds.
J Wound Care. 2000 Apr;9(4):169-72. No abstract available.
PMID: 11933300 [PubMed - in process]

Moore PJ, Foster L.

Cost benefits of two dressings in the management of surgical wounds.
Br J Nurs. 2000 Sep 28-Oct 11;9(17):1128-32.
PMID: 11868167 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Vloemans AF, Soesman AM, Kreis RW, Middelkoop E.

A newly developed hydrofibre dressing, in the treatment of partial-thickness burns.
Burns. 2001 Mar;27(2):167-73.
PMID: 11226656 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Brunner U, Eberlein T.

Experiences with hydrofibres in the moist treatment of chronic wounds, in particular of diabetic foot.
Vasa. 2000 Nov;29(4):253-7.
PMID: 11141647 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Robinson BJ.

The use of a hydrofibre dressing in wound management.
J Wound Care. 2000 Jan;9(1):32-4. Review. No abstract available.
PMID: 10827666 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Bowler PG, Jones SA, Davies BJ, Coyle E.

Infection control properties of some wound dressings.
J Wound Care. 1999 Nov;8(10):499-502.
PMID: 10827654 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Moore P, Foster L, Clark S, Parrott D.

The role of a hydrofibre dressing in squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.
J Wound Care. 1999 Oct;8(9):432-4. No abstract available.
PMID: 10818891 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Williams C.

An investigation of the benefits of Aquacel Hydrofibre wound dressing.
Br J Nurs. 1999 May 27-Jun 9;8(10):676-7, 680. Review.
PMID: 10624199 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Timmons J.

Alginates and hydrofibre dressings.
Prof Nurse. 1999 Apr;14(7):496-9, 501, 503.
PMID: 10347532 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Armstrong SH, Ruckley CV.

Use of a fibrous dressing in exuding leg ulcers.
J Wound Care. 1997 Jul;6(7):322-4.
PMID: 9325826 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Rosello Ruiz A.

[Case report about the combined use of 2 moist wound dressings in the treatment of a chronic diabetic foot ulcer]
Rev Enferm. 1998 Oct;21(242):suppl 9-12. Spanish.
PMID: 10030155 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Legarra Muruzaba S, Vidallach Ribes MS, Esteban Gonzalo M.

[Non-comparative evaluation of a new hydrofiber dressing in the treatment of vascular ulcers]
Rev Enferm. 1997 Nov;20(231):59-63. Spanish.
PMID: 9451237 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]